Original articlePrevalence of Diagnosed Depression in Adolescents With History of Concussion
Section snippets
Data source
The National Survey of Children's Health 2007 [18] is a telephone survey of parents administrated by the Maternal and Child Health Bureau, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. The survey was conducted in several waves, and we used data from the 2007–2008 survey only. Phone numbers were selected by random digit dialing to identify households with one or more children under 18 years old, and one of those children was randomly selected to be discussed. If respondents reported no children
Results
Data from 36,060 individuals met the criteria for analysis; of these 49.2% were female (Table 1). A small proportion of these subjects had had a previous concussion (2.7%) and a similarly small number had a current depression diagnosis (3.4%). There were slightly more males than females (50.8% vs. 49.2%) and slightly more younger adolescents than older adolescents (50.8% vs. 49.2%). Few of these subjects (10.7%) had parents with poor or fair mental health and it was uncommon (15.2%) for
Discussion
In this secondary analysis of data from the National Survey of Children's Health we found that history of concussion was associated with greater than a 3-fold risk of a current diagnosis of depression, even after controlling for age, sex, parental mental health, and socioeconomic status. This study adds to the evidence for an association between concussion and depression [9], [10], [11], [12], [13], [14], [15] and is the first study to find such an association in a large nationally
References (38)
- et al.
Depression in children and adolescents in the first 6 months after traumatic brain injury
Int J Dev Neurosci
(2012) - et al.
Psychiatric illness after mild traumatic brain injury in children
Arch Phys Med Rehabil
(2004) - et al.
Summary of the practice parameters for the assessment and treatment of children and adolescents with depressive disorders. American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry
(1998) - et al.
Association of sleep and co-occurring psychological conditions at 1 year after traumatic brain injury
Arch Phys Med Rehabil
(2012) Psychiatric disorders and sleep
Neurol Clin
(2012)Nonfatal traumatic brain injuries from sports and recreation activities—United States, 2001–2005
MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep
(2007)- et al.
The epidemiology and impact of traumatic brain injury: A brief overview
J Head Trauma Rehabil
(2006) - et al.
The epidemiology of sports-related traumatic brain injuries in the United States: Recent developments
J Head Trauma Rehabil
(1998) - et al.
Mild traumatic brain injury does not predict acute postconcussion syndrome
J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry
(2008) Adolescent depression: Diagnosis, treatment, and educational attainment
Health Econ
(2008)
A longitudinal evaluation of adolescent depression and adult obesity
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med
Prevalence of and risk factors for depressive symptoms among young adolescents
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med
Adolescent psychopathology: I. Prevalence and incidence of depression and other DSM-III-R disorders in high school students
J Abnorm Psychol
Head injury in early adulthood and the lifetime risk of depression
Arch Gen Psychiatry
Recurrent concussion and risk of depression in retired professional football players
Med Sci Sports Exerc
Psychiatric illness following traumatic brain injury in an adult health maintenance organization population
Arch Gen Psychiatry
Association between traumatic injury and psychiatric disorders and medication prescription to youths aged 10–19
Psychiatr Serv
Association between posttraumatic stress, depression, and functional impairments in adolescents 24 months after traumatic brain injury
J Trauma Stress
Cited by (106)
Increased anxiety and depression among collegiate athletes with comorbid ADHD and history of concussion
2023, Psychology of Sport and ExerciseConcussion Characteristics and Early Postinjury Outcomes Between College Students and Intercollegiate Athletes
2022, Archives of Physical Medicine and RehabilitationExamining the Biopsychosocial Factors Related to Lifetime History of Concussion in Children and Youth
2024, Child Psychiatry and Human Development