Poisson regression analysis of the associations of depressive symptoms with mean number of teeth with untreated caries and missing teeth among adults aged ≥30 years who completed a periodontal examination and the PHQ-9 depression screening questionnaire in the National Health and Nutrition and Examination Survey; 2011–2014
| Mean no of teeth with untreated caries | Mean no of missing teeth | |||
| Crude mean ratio (99% CI) (n=7011) | Adjusted mean ratio (99% CI) (n=5597) | Crude mean ratio (99% CI) (n=7011) | Adjusted mean ratio (99% CI) (n=5597) | |
| Severity of depressive symptoms | ||||
| No symptoms | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| Mild depressive symptoms | 1.14 (0.86 to 1.50) | 0.88 (0.64 to 1.20) | 1.48* (1.23 to 1.78) | 1.20* (1.06 to 1.37) |
| Moderate depressive symptoms | 1.87* (1.25 to 2.80) | 1.04 (0.62 to 1.74) | 1.90* (1.53 to 2.35) | 1.38* (1.15 to 1.66) |
| Severe depressive symptoms | 1.65* (1.10 to 2.48) | 0.97 (0.63 to 1.50) | 1.85* (1.32 to 2.60) | 1.38 (0.93 to 2.05) |
Adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, education, income, cigarette smoking, heavy alcohol consumption, psychotherapeutic medications and diabetes.
*P<0.01.
PHQ-9, Patient Health Questionnaire-9; Ref, reference group.