Characteristics of Latino patients with at least one ambulatory visit at an OCHIN clinic in 2012–2020, by reported country of birth, N (column %)
| Latino with country of birth reported | Latino without country of birth reported | |||
| US-born latino | Non-US-born latino | Overall | Overall | |
| Total | 45 711 | 81 427 | 127 138 | 787 357 |
| Sex | ||||
| Female | 26 560 (58.1) | 50 967 (62.6) | 77 527 (61.0) | 463 365 (58.9) |
| Male | 19 151 (41.9) | 30 460 (37.4) | 49 611 (39.0) | 323 992 (41.1) |
| Age at first study visit | ||||
| 9–12 | 6305 (13.8) | 2012 (2.5) | 8317 (6.5) | 67 202 (8.5) |
| 13–17 | 6946 (15.2) | 4510 (5.5) | 11 456 (9.0) | 86 854 (11.0) |
| 18–29 | 15 205 (33.3) | 16 185 (19.9) | 31 390 (24.7) | 196 306 (24.9) |
| 30–49 | 11 241 (24.6) | 36 814 (45.2) | 48 055 (37.8) | 281 896 (35.8) |
| 50–64 | 5157 (11.3) | 17 580 (21.6) | 22 737 (17.9) | 119 657 (15.2) |
| 65 and over | 857 (1.9) | 4326 (5.3) | 5183 (4.1) | 35 442 (4.5) |
| Federal poverty level* | ||||
| Always ≥138% | 2397 (5.2) | 4176 (5.1) | 6573 (5.2) | 68 681 (8.7) |
| Always <138% | 23 721 (51.9) | 62 592 (76.9) | 86 313 (67.9) | 497 596 (63.2) |
| Above and below 138% | 2648 (5.8) | 8233 (10.1) | 10 881 (8.6) | 80 782 (10.3) |
| Never reported | 16 945 (37.1) | 6426 (7.9) | 23 371 (18.4) | 140 298 (17.8) |
| Insurance§ | ||||
| Never insured | 3772 (8.3) | 11 839 (14.5) | 15 611 (12.3) | 197 210 (25.0) |
| Some private insurance | 3496 (7.6) | 7073 (8.7) | 10 569 (8.3) | 95 828 (12.2) |
| Combined private and public | 4825 (10.6) | 13 955 (17.1) | 18 780 (14.8) | 54 034 (6.9) |
| Some public insurance | 33 618 (73.5) | 48 560 (59.6) | 82 178 (64.6) | 440 285 (55.9) |
| Preferred language | ||||
| English | 32 083 (70.2) | 9232 (11.3) | 41 315 (32.5) | 320 939 (40.8) |
| Spanish | 13 628 (29.8) | 72 195 (88.7) | 85 823 (67.5) | 466 418 (59.2) |
| Visits per year | ||||
| <1 | 14 511 (31.7) | 18 607 (22.9) | 33 118 (26.0) | 237 254 (30.1) |
| (1, 3) | 16 662 (36.5) | 26 067 (32.0) | 42 729 (33.6) | 255 670 (32.5) |
| (3, 5) | 6229 (13.6) | 15 399 (18.9) | 21 628 (17.0) | 113 767 (14.4) |
| 5+ | 8309 (18.2) | 21 354 (26.2) | 29 663 (23.3) | 180 666 (22.9) |
| Black race | 2823 (6.2) | 5116 (6.3) | 7939 (6.2) | 20 885 (2.7) |
| Smoking status | ||||
| Never smoked | 30 454 (66.6) | 62 768 (77.1) | 93 222 (73.3) | 532 750 (67.7) |
| Formerly smoked | 3128 (6.8) | 6308 (7.7) | 9436 (7.4) | 54 655 (6.9) |
| Currently smokes | 6787 (14.8) | 6312 (7.8) | 13 099 (10.3) | 78 929 (10.0) |
| Secondhand smoke exposure | 348 (0.8) | 500 (0.6) | 848 (0.7) | 8089 (1.0) |
| Unknown | 4994 (10.9) | 5539 (6.8) | 10 533 (8.3) | 112 934 (14.3) |
| Obese ever† | ||||
| No | 24 859 (54.4) | 42 475 (52.2) | 67 334 (53.0) | 429 910 (54.6) |
| Yes | 20 852 (45.6) | 38 952 (47.8) | 59 804 (47.0) | 357 447 (45.4) |
| Heart disease ever‡ | ||||
| No | 45 284 (99.1) | 80 514 (98.9) | 125 798 (98.9) | 779 537 (99.0) |
| Yes | 427 (0.9) | 913 (1.1) | 1340 (1.1) | 7820 (1.0) |
| Diabetes ever ‡ | ||||
| No | 42 294 (92.5) | 69 384 (85.2) | 111 678 (87.8) | 706 636 (89.7) |
| Yes | 3417 (7.5) | 12 043 (14.8) | 15 460 (12.2) | 80 721 (10.3) |
| Hyperlipidaemia ever‡ | ||||
| No | 39 577 (86.6) | 61 117 (75.1) | 100 694 (79.2) | 671 808 (85.3) |
| Yes | 6134 (13.4) | 20 310 (24.9) | 26 444 (20.8) | 115 549 (14.7) |
| Hypertension ever‡ | ||||
| No | 40 453 (88.5) | 65 920 (81.0) | 106 373 (83.7) | 681 650 (86.6) |
| Yes | 5258 (11.5) | 15 507 (19.0) | 20 765 (16.3) | 105 707 (13.4) |
| HbA1c ever‡ | ||||
| No | 26 996 (59.1) | 36 016 (44.2) | 63 012 (49.6) | 483 645 (61.4) |
| Yes | 18 715 (40.9) | 45 411 (55.8) | 64 126 (50.4) | 303 712 (38.6) |
| Lipid screening ever‡ | ||||
| No | 24 166 (52.9) | 35 796 (44.0) | 59 962 (47.2) | 463 855 (58.9) |
| Yes | 21 545 (47.1) | 45 631 (56.0) | 67 176 (52.8) | 323 502 (41.1) |
*Income information is collected annually; therefore, patients level may change over time.
†Obese results are extracted from adult and children BMI. An adult is considered obese if their BMIs have ever been greater than 30. A child is considered obese if their BMIs have ever been higher than 95th percentile BMI calculated using the ‘childsds’ package in R based on age, sex, weight and height.
‡A diagnosis is flagged whenever its result is non-missing and greater than zero.
§Insurance status is measured at each visit; ‘some’ indicates they had this insurance type at some proportion of their total visits and no other insurance types at other visits.
BMI, body mass index; HbA1c, glycosylated haemoglobin.