Characteristics of the studies included
| Author/year | Objective | Study design | Coutrny/population |
| Askew 201627 | To determine the feasibility, acceptability and appropriateness of the Home-based, outreach case management of chronic disease exploratory model of care. | Mixed-methods exploratory study, developmental evaluation approach | Australia Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander People |
| Bailie 201530 | To examine how a national multicomponent programme aimed at improving prevention and management of chronic disease among Australian indigenous people addressed various dimensions of access. | Mixed-methods | Australia Aboriginal Australians |
| Battersby 201835 | To increase capacity of Australia’s health workforce to support Australian Aboriginal people to self-manage their chronic conditions. | Mixed-methods | Australia Aboriginal Australians |
| Browne 201862 | To enhance the capacity of healthcare organisations to provide care that is explicitly equity oriented. | Mixed-methods | Canada N/A |
| Conway 201731 | To explore indigenous health workers’ perceptions of the effectiveness and appropriateness of the Flinders Closing the Gap Programme. | Case study | Australia Indigenous Health Workers |
| Coppell 201736 | To examine the implementation and feasibility of a multilevel primary care nurse-led pre-diabetes life-style intervention compared with current practice on weight and glycated haemoglobin. | Mixed-methods | New Zeland Maori, Pacific |
| Crowshoe 201843 | To describe Canadian physicians’ perspectives on diabetes care of Indigenous patients. | Qualitative study | Canada Physicians caring for Indigenous patients with diabetes |
| Freeman 201939 | To investigate the implementation of comprehensive primary healthcare in Australia. This paper focuses on the role of group work in achieving the goals of comprehensive primary healthcare. | Mixed-methods | Australia Staff of primary healthcareservices, clients, clients with diabetes, clients with depression and practitioners |
| Gifford 201742 | To examine how the primary and secondary prevention of chronic conditions is being modelled, practiced and measured in three case study sites; to define what short-term outcomes are being achieved; and to ensure findings from case studies inform wider health service development. | Case study | New Zeland N/A |
| Hadjpavilou 201832 | To explore how encounters with elders affected patients’ overall mental health and well-being to identify the therapeutic mechanisms underlying improvement. | Qualitative study, prospective cohort | Canada Adult indigenous with mental issues |
| Hayman 200940 | To guide a series of changes to the service. Following further community participation and feedback, five key strategies were developed and implemented. | Mixed-methods | Australia Indigenous patients attending the Inala Indigenous Health Service (IIHS) |
| Hotu 201037 | To determine whether an integrated, community-based model of care using culturally appropriate healthcare assistants to manage hypertension in Māori and Pacific patients with diabetes and chronic kidney disease is more effective than conventional care. | Randomised Control Trial | Australia Patients of Māori, Tongan, Samoan, Cook Island Māori, Niuean and Tuvaluan ethnicity |
| Janssen 201438 | To develop an understanding of how the Te Hauora O Ngāti Rārua programme provided a culturally appropriate service; to identify the salient features for Māori clients of having diabetes and attending this programme; and to identify the extent to which the programme contributed to an improvement in knowledge, diabetes monitoring, lifestyle behaviours and physiological outcome measures. | Mixed-methods case study | New Zeland Maori |
| Levack 201633 | To understand the experiences of Maori with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), accessing pulmonary rehabilitation in New Zealand. | Qualitative study, grounded theory method, kaupapa Maori methodology | New Zeland Maori |
| Masters-Awatere 201928 | To understand experiences of being diagnosed with pre-diabetes and diabetes for Maori. | Qualitative, participatory based research | New Zeland Maori |
| Mehl-Madrona 201029 | To explore three models for providing care to patients with diabetes mellitus. | Pilot study | USA Native Americans |
| Sinclair Ka'imi 201344 | To evaluate a culturally adapted community-based diabetes self-management intervention. | Two-arm randomised controlled trial | USA Native Hawaiian, Filipino, other Pacific islander ethnic backgrounds |
| Tan 201441 | To evaluate the effectiveness of a community-based intervention delivered through a community-based team, on the remission of albuminuria and on diabetes kidney disease progression. | 2-year prospective uncontrolled cohort study | New Zeland Pasifika (45 were Tongan, one Niuean and one Cook Islander) |
| Tu 201934 | To determine whether including Indigenous Elders as part of routine primary care improves depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation in Indigenous patients | Prospective cohort study with quantitative measure | Canada Adult indigenous with mental issues |
N/A, not available.